{"id":3017,"date":"2018-10-15T15:05:49","date_gmt":"2018-10-15T08:05:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/anvilaw.com\/vi\/?p=3017"},"modified":"2022-01-24T15:16:13","modified_gmt":"2022-01-24T08:16:13","slug":"313-binh-luan-thuc-tien-thi-hanh-phap-luat-ve-bao-dam-thuc-hien-nghia-vu-va-dinh-huong-hoan-thien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/anvilaw.com\/vi\/313-binh-luan-thuc-tien-thi-hanh-phap-luat-ve-bao-dam-thuc-hien-nghia-vu-va-dinh-huong-hoan-thien\/","title":{"rendered":"313. B\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn Th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n thi h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n."},"content":{"rendered":"(ANVI) – Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Thanh \u0110\u1ee9c, Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c C\u00f4ng ty Lu\u1eadt ANVI, Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i vi\u00ean VIAC tham gia <\/em><\/strong>B\u00e1o c\u00e1o chuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 T\u01b0 ph\u00e1p<\/em><\/strong>[1]<\/strong><\/a>.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

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M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong c\u1ea3 3 B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 1995, 2005, 2015, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng chi ti\u1ebft, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n, tuy nhi\u00ean nh\u00ecn chung, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t c\u1eadp, v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc, g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. <\/em><\/p>\n

1. Kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m thu\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n g\u00ec c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.1. C\u1ea3 3 B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 1995, 2005 v\u00e0 2015 \u0111\u1ec1u quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n bao g\u1ed3m 3 quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n chi\u1ebfm h\u1eefu, quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu[2]<\/a>. B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 \u0111\u00e3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 2 lo\u1ea1i quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n n\u00f3i chung, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1eadt n\u00f3i ri\u00eang (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u1eadt quy\u1ec1n), \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n[3]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

1.2. C\u1ea7m c\u1ed1, th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc, k\u00fd c\u01b0\u1ee3c, k\u00fd qu\u1ef9 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh b\u1eb1ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i quy\u1ec1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m thu\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0o trong s\u1ed1 3 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n chi\u1ebfm h\u1eefu, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u201cn\u1eafm gi\u1eef, chi ph\u1ed1i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n\u201d[4]<\/a>; kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u201ckhai th\u00e1c c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng, h\u01b0\u1edfng hoa l\u1ee3i, l\u1ee3i t\u1ee9c t\u1eeb t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n\u201d[5]<\/a> v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t, v\u00ec ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u201cchuy\u1ec3n giao quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, t\u1eeb b\u1ecf quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu, ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n\u201d[6]<\/a>. Quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp n\u1eafm gi\u1eef, chi ph\u1ed1i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n thu\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c[7]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

1.3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1, khi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng bao qu\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 b\u00ean b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ebd r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1, th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p n\u00f3i ri\u00eang, quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m n\u00f3i chung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 l\u00e0 v\u1eadt quy\u1ec1n hay quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 D\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015.<\/p>\n

1.4. V\u00ec ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n g\u00ec c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, n\u00ean khi ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n chi\u1ebfm h\u1eefu, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1, th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p hay kh\u00f4ng? Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, n\u1ebfu v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ec9 ghi \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung l\u00e0 to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n chi\u1ebfm h\u1eefu, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn cho k\u00fd c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, m\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i ghi r\u00f5 l\u00e0 \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1, th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

1.5. X\u00e9t v\u1ec1 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3i x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n. Lu\u1eadt Doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u0103m 2014 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t quy \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp r\u1eb1ng, quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean g\u00f3p v\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty h\u1ee3p danh c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u201c\u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t ph\u1ea7n v\u1ed1n g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eeba k\u1ebf, t\u1eb7ng cho, th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p, c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0110i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng ty\u201d[8]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n

1.6. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1eb1ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. V\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 khi ph\u1ea3i x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, n\u1ebfu xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 vi ph\u1ea1m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 theo th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u00ec t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t. Hay n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, khi \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u00e0o giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u00ec ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n s\u1ebd b\u1ecb r\u01a1i v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi 3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc, k\u00fd c\u01b0\u1ee3c, k\u00fd qu\u1ef9) ho\u1eb7c bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i x\u1eed l\u00fd quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 thanh to\u00e1n (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi 2 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1, th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p) v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u00fac n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

1.7. Kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00ean l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang quy\u1ec1n, ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, khi ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt quy \u0111\u1ecbnh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n thu\u1ed9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu chung c\u1ee7a v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng; quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n thu\u1ed9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a con; quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh; quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng, th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p; quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan trong c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch mua b\u00e1n, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n; v.v..<\/p>\n

1.8. V\u00ec v\u1eady, <\/em>c\u1ea7n s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 theo h\u01b0\u1edbng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu.<\/p>\n

2. Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c:<\/strong><\/p>\n

2.1. B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u201cT\u00e0i s\u1ea3n l\u00e0 v\u1eadt, ti\u1ec1n, gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n<\/em>\u201d[9]<\/sup><\/a>. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, \u201cT\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ph\u1ea3i thu\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a b\u00ean b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7m gi\u1eef t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, b\u1ea3o l\u01b0u quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu<\/em>\u201d[10]<\/sup><\/a>. B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 c\u0169ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u201cQuy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu bao g\u1ed3m quy\u1ec1n chi\u1ebfm h\u1eefu, quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt\u201d[11]<\/sup><\/a>. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Lu\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111ai n\u0103m 2013 cho ph\u00e9p vi\u1ec7c th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea5t[12]<\/sup><\/a>. D\u00f9 B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng mu\u1ed1n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n n\u00e0y, th\u00ec l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu n\u00f3, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfc l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0110i\u1ec1u 53 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111ai n\u0103m 2013 c\u00f2n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai \u201cthu\u1ed9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu to\u00e0n d\u00e2n do Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/em>\u201d. Lu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ean g\u1ecdi v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd l\u00e0 \u201cGi\u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t, quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu nh\u00e0 \u1edf v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t\u201d (s\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ecf).<\/p>\n

2.2. C\u0169ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u201cph\u1ea3i thu\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a b\u00ean b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m\u201d t\u1ea1i \u0110i\u1ec1u 295 n\u00eau tr\u00ean ch\u1ec9 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb \u201ctr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7m gi\u1eef t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, b\u1ea3o l\u01b0u quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu\u201d, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. V\u00ec t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p nh\u01b0ng trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ch\u01b0a x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a b\u00ean th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

2.3. B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt H\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i n\u0103m 2015 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cTrong th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft th\u00fac chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i th\u00ec c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a sau khi \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch xin ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u00ea v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 t\u00e0u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/em>\u201d[13]<\/sup><\/a>. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu, nh\u01b0ng thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 ch\u1edf thu\u00ea.<\/p>\n

2.4. Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 163\/2006\/N\u0110-CP ng\u00e0y 29-12-2006 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 \u201cGiao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m\u201d (\u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c) c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba gi\u1eef t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p, l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p th\u00ec s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m[14]<\/sup><\/a>. S\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m trong khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n thu\u1ed9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a b\u00ean b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n

2.5 V\u00ec v\u1eady,<\/em> trong th\u1eddi gian ch\u01b0a s\u1eeda Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 theo h\u01b0\u1edbng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

3. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n 9 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m:<\/strong><\/p>\n

3.1. C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau qua 3 B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1. Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015, c\u00f3 9 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc, k\u00fd c\u01b0\u1ee3c, k\u00fd qu\u1ef9, b\u1ea3o l\u01b0u quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu, b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh, t\u00edn ch\u1ea5p v\u00e0 c\u1ea7m gi\u1eef t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n. Trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 7 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m; tr\u1eeb 2 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ea7m gi\u1eef t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o l\u01b0u quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3o l\u01b0u quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf trong c\u1ea3 hai B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 1995 v\u00e0 2005, c\u00f2n c\u1ea7m gi\u1eef t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2005, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a hai B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, ph\u1ea1t vi ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 1995[15]<\/a>, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a 2 B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2005 v\u00e0 2015.<\/p>\n

Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p t\u00edn ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m trong 2 B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2005 v\u00e0 2015, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 1995 (v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh)[16]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 nhau v\u1ec1 c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1, th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p, nh\u01b0ng B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2005 th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 th\u00ec l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1 (tuy ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp, kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch) v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n[17]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

3.2. Vi\u1ec7c tham gia giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 quan h\u1ec7 ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt d\u00e2n s\u1ef1. C\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n x\u00e1c l\u1eadp, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t quy\u1ec1n, ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf t\u1ef1 do, t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n. M\u1ecdi cam k\u1ebft, th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng vi ph\u1ea1m \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea5m c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00ean v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng[18]<\/a>. B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c, quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00ec l\u00fd do qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, an ninh qu\u1ed1c gia, tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1, an to\u00e0n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng[19]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Hay n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n ch\u1ec9 b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m \u0111o\u00e1n, ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u00f3i chung theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf theo c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a v\u0103n b\u1ea3n d\u01b0\u1edbi lu\u1eadt (t\u1eeb ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng) nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i, b\u1ed5 sung 7 ng\u00e0nh, ngh\u1ec1 c\u1ea5m v\u00e0 243 ng\u00e0nh, ngh\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 kinh doanh c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n trong Lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u0103m 2014 (s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i, b\u1ed5 sung n\u0103m 2016)[20]<\/a>. H\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p quy\u1ec1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf theo lu\u1eadt, th\u00ec c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 1 trong c\u00e1c l\u00fd do v\u1ec1 \u201cqu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, an ninh qu\u1ed1c gia, tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1, an to\u00e0n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng\u201d k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ed9i dung m\u1edbi theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Hi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecbnh[21]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

3.3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, d\u00f9 B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 kh\u00f4ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5, nh\u01b0ng theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 tham gia quan h\u1ec7 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i 9 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n (repo) \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3. Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, trong B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng mua b\u00e1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, m\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c mua l\u1ea1i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1n[22]<\/a>. N\u0103m 2008, To\u00e0 D\u00e2n s\u1ef1, To\u00e0 \u00e1n Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ed1i cao \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t B\u1ea3n \u00e1n gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c th\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p chuy\u1ec3n quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu nh\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m cho ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n theo h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng vay ti\u1ec1n[23]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, To\u00e0 \u00e1n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa t\u00ean g\u1ecdi v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m hay \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ngo\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i giao d\u1ecbch. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 k\u00fd k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc; hay kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd c\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng mua b\u00e1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, v\u00ec k\u00fd c\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m cho ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 thu\u00ea t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

3.4. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c b\u00ean giao d\u1ecbch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m kh\u00e1c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng vi ph\u1ea1m \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea5m c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt l\u00e0 c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn sau \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m n\u00e0o theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a 3 B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 1995, 2005 v\u00e0 2015, nh\u01b0ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1: Ng\u00e0y 18-7-1995, \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n M. vay c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n H. Vi\u1ec7t Nam 16 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng. Hai b\u00ean th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn, b\u00ean vay \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n cho Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn l\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n 16 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng trong t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 27 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed9p v\u00e0o Kho b\u1ea1c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ec9nh \u0110. \u0111\u1ec3 mua m\u1ed9t khu \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf Long B\u00ecnh T\u00e2n 2, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0110\u1ed3ng Nai, n\u1ebfu b\u00ean vay kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ee3. Sau n\u00e0y, b\u00ean vay kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ee3, H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ec9nh \u0110. \u0111\u00e3 ra Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft tr\u00edch ti\u1ec1n ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1n vay cho Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng H.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p To\u00e0 \u00e1n c\u0169ng v\u1eabn ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 21\/2003\/H\u0110TP-DS ng\u00e0y 23-6-2003 v\u1ec1 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n \u201cTranh ch\u1ea5p h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f9n v\u1ed1n kinh doanh\u201d, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c b\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n th\u1ebf ch\u00e2n (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong c\u00e1c B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1) \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u00ea b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Th\u1ea9m ph\u00e1n, To\u00e0 \u00e1n Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ed1i cao x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc. Hay B\u1ea3n \u00e1n s\u1ed1 1085\/2006\/DS-PT ng\u00e0y 26-10-2006 c\u1ee7a To\u00e0 \u00e1n Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n k\u00fd c\u01b0\u1ee3c trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u00ea nh\u00e0 (kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00fd c\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 thu\u00ea \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1) l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc. Ho\u1eb7c kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n th\u1ebf ch\u00e2n m\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u01b0\u1ee3n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 244\/2007\/DS-G\u0110T ng\u00e0y 29-8-2007 c\u1ee7a To\u00e0 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, To\u00e0 \u00e1n Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ed1i cao x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc khi x\u00e9t x\u1eed \u1edf c\u1ea5p gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c th\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n

3.5. Ngo\u00e0i ra, t\u00ean g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. Trong s\u1ed1 9 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u201ct\u00edn ch\u1ea5p\u201d l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u201ct\u00e0i s\u1ea3n\u201d v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u201cb\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh\u201d th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng \u201ct\u00e0i s\u1ea3n\u201d, c\u00f2n 7 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1eb1ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn v\u1edbi t\u1eeb \u201ct\u00e0i s\u1ea3n\u201d l\u00e0 \u201cc\u1ea7m c\u1ed1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n\u201d, \u201cth\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cc\u1ea7m gi\u1eef t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n\u201d, trong khi 4 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c th\u00ec l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u00e8m theo t\u1eeb \u201ct\u00e0i s\u1ea3n\u201d, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc\u201d, \u201ck\u00fd c\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d, \u201ck\u00fd qu\u1ef9\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cb\u1ea3o l\u01b0u quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu\u201d[24]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

3.6. V\u00ec v\u1eady,<\/em> c\u1ea7n s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 theo h\u01b0\u1edbng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 cho ph\u00e9p hay kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung 9 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, ngo\u00e0i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1, th\u00ec c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p t\u00edn ch\u1ea5p ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

4. B\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m:<\/strong><\/p>\n

4.1. V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, n\u00ean c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i, m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1, th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng kinh t\u1ebf n\u0103m 1989[25]<\/a>, Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 1991 cho \u0111\u1ebfn 3 B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 1995, 2005 v\u00e0 2015.<\/p>\n

4.2. C\u00e1c Lu\u1eadt chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 Lu\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111ai, Lu\u1eadt H\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam, B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt H\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng nhau nh\u01b0ng t\u00e0u bay th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt H\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c n\u0103m 1991 (s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i, b\u1ed5 sung n\u0103m 105) v\u00e0 n\u0103m 2006 (s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i, b\u1ed5 sung n\u0103m 2014), trong khi t\u00e0u bi\u1ec3n th\u00ec l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1 theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt H\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i n\u0103m 2005 v\u00e0 2015 (tuy nhi\u00ean B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt H\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i n\u0103m 1990 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec l\u1ea1i quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1 t\u00e0u bi\u1ec3n).<\/p>\n

4.3. Ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt c\u0169ng c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 giao d\u1ecbch th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 \u201cb\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc, k\u00fd qu\u1ef9 ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/em>\u201d[26]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

4.4. B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t b\u00ean giao cho b\u00ean kia m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c<\/em><\/strong> kim kh\u00ed qu\u00fd, \u0111\u00e1 qu\u00fd ho\u1eb7c<\/em><\/strong> v\u1eadt c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m giao k\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c<\/em><\/strong> th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng[27]<\/sup><\/a>. V\u00e0 k\u00fd c\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u00ean thu\u00ea t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n giao cho b\u00ean cho thu\u00ea m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c kim kh\u00ed qu\u00fd, \u0111\u00e1 qu\u00fd ho\u1eb7c<\/em><\/strong> v\u1eadt c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n thu\u00ea[28]<\/sup><\/a>. C\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n k\u00fd qu\u1ef9 l\u00e0 \u201cti\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c<\/em><\/strong> kim kh\u00ed qu\u00fd, \u0111\u00e1 qu\u00fd ho\u1eb7c<\/em><\/strong> gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1\u201d[29]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c t\u1eeb \u201cho\u1eb7c\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n k\u00fd c\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 \u201cti\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c<\/em><\/strong> kim kh\u00ed qu\u00fd, \u0111\u00e1 qu\u00fd ho\u1eb7c<\/em><\/strong> v\u1eadt c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c\u201d, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n k\u00fd qu\u1ef9 l\u00e0 \u201cti\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c<\/em><\/strong> kim kh\u00ed qu\u00fd, \u0111\u00e1 qu\u00fd ho\u1eb7c<\/em><\/strong> gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1\u201d v\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m giao k\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c<\/em><\/strong> th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng\u201d theo c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00eau tr\u00ean l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, v\u00ec ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 2 ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3 3 lo\u1ea1i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc, k\u00fd c\u01b0\u1ee3c, k\u00fd qu\u1ef9, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng ti\u1ec1n th\u00ec lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb kim kh\u00ed qu\u00fd hay \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e1 qu\u00fd th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc, k\u00fd c\u01b0\u1ee3c, k\u00fd qu\u1ef9.<\/p>\n

4.5. V\u00ec v\u1eady,<\/em> c\u1ea7n s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m theo h\u01b0\u1edbng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, nh\u1eb1m kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea5t c\u1eadp n\u00eau tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n

5. Kh\u00f4ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 c\u1ea5m giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m:<\/strong><\/p>\n

5.1. Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015, c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u quy \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m. B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 ch\u01b0a quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1eb7c b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m. Theo t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 9-2018 c\u00f3 25 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt quy \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n

5.2. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt c\u0169ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u01b0 c\u1ea5m ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c cho vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Hay c\u1ea5m doanh nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng \u0111a c\u1ea5p y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc, ph\u1ea3i mua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a ban \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed9p m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng tham gia tham gia b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng \u0111a c\u1ea5p[30]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

5.3. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1 S\u1ed5 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i \u0110i\u1ec1u 17 v\u1ec1 \u201cC\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi b\u1ecb nghi\u00eam c\u1ea5m\u201d, Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n\u0103m 2014. Do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u1ea7n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5m ho\u1eb7c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1, th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u00ec nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau an sinh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i \u0110i\u1ec1u 101 v\u1ec1 \u201cKh\u1ea5u tr\u1eeb ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d, B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103m 2012: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea5u tr\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 30% ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1eb1ng th\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng sau khi tr\u00edch n\u1ed9p c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c, b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m y t\u1ebf, b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p, thu\u1ebf thu nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do l\u00e0m h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

5.4. V\u00ec v\u1eady,<\/em> c\u1ea7n s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 theo h\u01b0\u1edbng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, v\u00ec lo\u1ea1i giao d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, giao d\u1ecbch th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ea7n s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i theo h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hay kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1, th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n h\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

6. Kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1 hay th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n:<\/strong><\/p>\n

6.1. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi 2 lo\u1ea1i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n l\u00e0 v\u1eadt hay ti\u1ec1n, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1, th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng theo d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u \u201cgiao\u201d hay \u201ckh\u00f4ng giao\u201d t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a 2 B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2005 v\u00e0 2015[31]<\/a>. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi 2 lo\u1ea1i t\u00e0i l\u00e0 gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

6.2. B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1. Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 163\/2006\/N\u0110-CP ng\u00e0y 29-12-2006 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 \u201cGiao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m\u201d \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng li\u1ec7t k\u00ea \u201cGi\u1ea5y t\u1edd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu, tr\u00e1i phi\u1ebfu, h\u1ed1i phi\u1ebfu, k\u1ef3 phi\u1ebfu, t\u00edn phi\u1ebfu, ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi, s\u00e9c, ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 qu\u1ef9, gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 kh\u00e1c theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p giao d\u1ecbch<\/em>\u201d[32]<\/a>. B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u201cQuy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec1n, bao g\u1ed3m quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c<\/em>\u201d[33]<\/a>. Tuy nhi\u00ean, B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 kh\u00f4ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1 hay th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p hay c\u1ea3 2 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1, th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1eb1ng gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00f3 2 lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau. Lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, theo \u0111\u00fang ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua b\u00e1n trao tay, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 nh\u01b0 c\u1ea7m ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t (nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00e1i v\u00f4 danh). Lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 th\u1ee9 hai, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 \u201cl\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 gi\u1eefa t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1<\/em>\u201d[34]<\/a>. Khi \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n (th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u201cc\u00f3 gi\u00e1\u201d). Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u201cc\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu\u201d ghi danh th\u00ec c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec \u201cs\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ecf\u201d, khi giao d\u1ecbch th\u00ec y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 giao nh\u1eadn c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu hay s\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ecf, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u201cb\u00fat to\u00e1n ghi s\u1ed5 ho\u1eb7c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed\u201d[35]<\/a>. Vi\u1ec7c mua b\u00e1n, chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng, trao \u0111\u1ed5i, t\u1eb7ng cho c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1, th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1, m\u00e0 v\u1edbi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n (g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ebb ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi t\u1ea1i ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng. Khi \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1 hay th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu hay th\u1ebb ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m m\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n trong c\u00f4ng ty hay quy\u1ec1n nh\u1eadn l\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi trong t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

6.3. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n n\u00f3i chung, quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00f3i ri\u00eang, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p ra, th\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh hay kh\u00f4ng? \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t ra \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2005, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi c\u00f3 B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n[36]<\/a> v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 sung quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u201cC\u00e1c b\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1eb1ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh<\/em>\u201d[37]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

6.4. V\u00ec v\u1eady,<\/em> c\u1ea7n s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 theo h\u01b0\u1edbng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1 hay th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1, quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1, th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p hai lo\u1ea1i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 v\u1eadt v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

7. Nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t c\u1eadp v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc:<\/strong><\/p>\n

7.1. C\u1ea3 3 B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 1995, 2005, 2015 \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc gi\u1ed1ng nhau. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc giao cho b\u00ean nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u201cm\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c kim kh\u00ed qu\u00fd, \u0111\u00e1 qu\u00fd ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c\u201d trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n \u201c\u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m giao k\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng\u201d. \u201cTr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao k\u1ebft, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00ec t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i cho b\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n; n\u1ebfu b\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c giao k\u1ebft, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00ec t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 b\u00ean nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc; n\u1ebfu b\u00ean nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c giao k\u1ebft, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 cho b\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc, tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn kh\u00e1c<\/em>\u201d[38]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

7.2 B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n g\u1ed3m 4 lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 v\u1eadt, ti\u1ec1n, gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, trong khi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc ch\u1ec9 bao g\u1ed3m \u201cti\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c kim kh\u00ed qu\u00fd, \u0111\u00e1 qu\u00fd ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c\u201d. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, tuy B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5m, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi k\u00fd qu\u1ef9, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m v\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n n\u00f3i chung, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc l\u00e0 \u201ckim kh\u00ed qu\u00fd, \u0111\u00e1 qu\u00fd\u201d b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u201cv\u1eadt c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb\u201d l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u01b0 duy \u00e1m \u1ea3nh v\u1edbi c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb \u201cv\u00e0ng, b\u1ea1c, kim kh\u00ed qu\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 qu\u00fd\u201d hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 c\u00f2n c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quan li\u00eau bao c\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng[39]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

7.3. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m kh\u00e1c l\u00e0, n\u1ebfu b\u00ean nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc vi ph\u1ea1m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 cho b\u00ean kia (ph\u1ea1t c\u1ecdc) g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc (g\u1ed3m t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc), tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn kh\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn th\u00ec b\u00ean nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i \u00edt h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n 2 l\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea1t c\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c \u0111i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u201cb\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc\u201d vi ph\u1ea1m kh\u00f4ng, hay ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u201ct\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 b\u00ean nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc\u201d? V\u1edbi c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft \u201ctr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn kh\u00e1c\u201d nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 \u201ctr\u1eeb\u201d \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, hay ch\u1ec9 tr\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p sau.<\/p>\n

7.4. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn ph\u1ea1t c\u1ecdc g\u1ea5p v\u00e0i ba l\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc th\u00ec b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn ph\u1ea1t c\u1ecdc g\u1ea5p h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m, h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u l\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc th\u00ec kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c To\u00e0 \u00e1n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, cho d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0o h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y. Ngay c\u1ea3 \u201cl\u1ebd c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng\u201d theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 th\u00ec To\u00e0 \u00e1n c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn, ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1[40]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

7.5. B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i (m\u1ee9c ngang nhau ho\u1eb7c n\u1eb7ng nh\u1eb9 kh\u00e1c nhau) trong vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng giao k\u1ebft, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, th\u00ec x\u1eed l\u00fd nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

7.6. B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5, ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc t\u1ed1i \u0111a b\u1eb1ng bao nhi\u00eau ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1edbn l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 80-90% th\u1eadm ch\u00ed 100% gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng. Ch\u01b0a th\u1ea5y b\u1ea3n \u00e1n n\u00e0o ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

7.7. B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb \u201c\u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m giao k\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng\u201d c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb \u201cho\u1eb7c\u201d, v\u00ec ngo\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m m\u1ed9t trong hai vi\u1ec7c th\u00ec c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m cho c\u1ea3 hai vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 sau khi b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m cho vi\u1ec7c giao k\u1ebft xong th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m cho vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

7.8. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, c\u00e1c b\u00ean ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ghi r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ec3 giao k\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng. Khi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m c\u1ea3 hai ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh th\u00ec khi \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c giao k\u1ebft m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

7.9. M\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u0169ng hay x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean giao nh\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi nhau nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb \u201c\u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc\u201d, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u1eeb c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1, k\u00fd qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn r\u00f5 n\u1ed9i dung l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c giao k\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng. N\u1ebfu th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng ghi r\u00f5 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc, m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb xem l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n thanh to\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1, k\u00fd qu\u1ef9. Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 163\/2006\/N\u0110-CP quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t b\u00ean trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng giao cho b\u00ean kia m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n m\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ec1n tr\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n tr\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc[41]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

7.10 Trong 9 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7t c\u01b0\u1ee3c trong tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1edfng. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7t c\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 tham gia d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n th\u1ec3 thao, gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed. N\u1ebfu \u0111o\u00e1n sai th\u00ec m\u1ea5t ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 vi ph\u1ea1m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 trong \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc. N\u1ebfu \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u00fang th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1edfng (gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc n\u1eefa)[42]<\/a>. V\u1eady \u0111\u1eb7t c\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 hay kh\u00f4ng, t\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1?<\/p>\n

7.11. V\u00ec v\u1eady,<\/em> c\u1ea7n s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o d\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea5t c\u1eadp, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u00ean tr\u00ean v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

8. Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh:<\/strong><\/p>\n

8.1. Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh, theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2005 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1, th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p k\u00e8m theo, nh\u01b0ng B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 th\u00ec l\u1ea1i quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m c\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1, th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 \u0111\u00e3 b<\/a><\/a><\/a>\u1ecf \u0111i \u0110i\u1ec1u 369 v\u1ec1 \u201cX\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a b\u00ean b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh\u201d, B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2005 \u201cTrong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 thay cho b\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh, m\u00e0 b\u00ean b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 th\u00ec b\u00ean b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n thu\u1ed9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 thanh to\u00e1n cho b\u00ean nh\u1eadn b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh<\/em>\u201d, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi b\u1ed5 sung quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3n 3, \u0110i\u1ec1u 336 v\u1ec1 \u201cPh\u1ea1m vi b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh\u201d, B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 \u201c C\u00e1c b\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1eb1ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n

8.2. B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00f3a b\u1ecf kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1, th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh r\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2005. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1, th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1eeba b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh b\u1eb1ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n (nh\u01b0 B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 1995) l\u1ea1i v\u1eeba th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n (nh\u01b0 B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2005). T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh l\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi hai bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh cho ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba v\u00f2ng qua bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

8.3. Vi\u1ec7c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u1edbi Lu\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111ai n\u0103m 2013 (\u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf \u0111i bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh trong 2 Lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai n\u0103m 1993 v\u00e0 2003), Lu\u1eadt L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p n\u0103m 2017 (\u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf \u0111i bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh b\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1eebng trong Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1eebng n\u0103m 2004). Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 giao d\u1ecbch c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i sao v\u00e0 khi n\u00e0o th\u00ec th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u1eb3ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba (duy nh\u1ea5t theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2005) v\u00e0 khi n\u00e0o th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng qua bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh (duy nh\u1ea5t theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 1995).<\/p>\n

8.4. V\u00ec v\u1eady,<\/em> \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 theo h\u01b0\u1edbng, ch\u1ec9 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh kh\u00f4ng k\u00e8m theo t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1, th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p (nh\u01b0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2005). Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c th\u00ec th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba (hay b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m cho ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba).<\/p>\n

9. T\u00f9 m\u00f9 v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba:<\/strong><\/p>\n

9.1. B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft thi h\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1, th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh b\u1eb1ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc, k\u00fd c\u01b0\u1ee3c, k\u00fd qu\u1ef9 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m cho ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba.<\/p>\n

9.2. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111a s\u1ed1, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u1ea9m ph\u00e1n To\u00e0 \u00e1n \u0111ang hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng, ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1, th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng, kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p d\u00f9ng quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p hay b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba, v\u00ec Lu\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111ai n\u0103m 2013 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh b\u1eb1ng quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t trong Lu\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111ai n\u0103m 2003 (s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i, b\u1ed5 sung n\u0103m 2009) (T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m n\u00e0o).<\/p>\n

9.3. V\u00ec v\u1eady,<\/em> c\u1ea7n s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 theo h\u01b0\u1edbng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1, th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 cho c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba.<\/p>\n

10. B\u1ea5t c\u1eadp v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc trong \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u00e1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n:<\/strong><\/p>\n

10.1. Lu\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea5u gi\u00e1 n\u0103m 2016 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 m\u1edbi n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i 9 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m trong B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 tham gia \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u00e1. Sau khi c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh, m\u1edbi chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh ti\u1ec1n \u201c\u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cb\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n giao k\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng mua b\u00e1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 mua t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u00e1 sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 quan c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t\u201d[43]<\/a>. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u201c\u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong c\u00e1c B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

10.2. Lu\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea5u gi\u00e1 n\u0103m 2016 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc l\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1eeda v\u1eddi, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nguy c\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m trong giao d\u1ecbch. V\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y 23-01-2018, Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng S., Chi nh\u00e1nh H\u00e0 T\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 thu gi\u1eef t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p l\u00e0 c\u0103n h\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i qu\u1eadn Thanh Xu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng \u00f4ng T. \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u00e1 thu h\u1ed3i kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 6,3 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng. Sau \u0111\u00f3, Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u00e1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n s\u1ed1 01\/2018\/B\u0110G-BHA v\u1edbi C\u00f4ng ty TNHH \u0110\u1ea5u gi\u00e1 B. B\u00ean tham gia \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n 700 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty B t\u1ea1i Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng S. Sau khi b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00fang \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ee7 7,2 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u00e1. L\u00fd do v\u00ec C\u00f4ng ty B. \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 \u00fd r\u00fat 5 l\u1ea7n h\u1ebft s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n 700 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc ra kh\u1ecfi t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu n\u1ed9p ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0o. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i 9-2018, v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft xong.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c vi ph\u1ea1m Lu\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea5u gi\u00e1 r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng vi ph\u1ea1m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean l\u00e0 do quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, Lu\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea5u gi\u00e1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n n\u0103m 2016 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cTi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n thanh to\u00e1n ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u00e1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n m\u1edf t\u1ea1i ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, chi nh\u00e1nh ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/em>\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cT\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u00e1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u00e1 v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c<\/em>\u201d[44]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

10.3. V\u00ec v\u1eady,<\/em> c\u1ea7n s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i Lu\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea5u gi\u00e1 n\u0103m 2016 theo h\u01b0\u1edbng, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh chung m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m cho 3 c\u00e1c ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 trong 3 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c nhau l\u00e0 tham gia \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u00e1, k\u00fd k\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng mua b\u00e1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u00e1. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc hay \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ecdc trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng phong t\u1ecfa th\u00ec s\u1ebd b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t ti\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra vi ph\u1ea1m th\u00ec c\u0169ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng x\u1eed l\u00fd tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

11. Kh\u00f4ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u00ean nh\u1eadn b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ngay t\u00ecnh:<\/strong><\/p>\n

11.1. T\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu\u1ed9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c thu\u1ed9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ean tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd s\u1edf h\u1eefu (s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t), m\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, th\u00ec g\u00e2y ra r\u1ee7i ro r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba giao d\u1ecbch ngay t\u00ecnh (kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ai l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu). Trong khi B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba ngay t\u00ecnh trong c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch n\u00f3i chung[45]<\/a>, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngay t\u00ecnh nh\u1eadn t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, b\u00ean nh\u1eadn t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o gi\u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng, ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t ti\u1ec1n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 l\u00e3i b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 b\u00ean th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p b\u1ecb l\u1eadt l\u1ea1i quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

11.2. Lu\u1eadt H\u00f4n nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh n\u0103m 2014 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u201cTrong giao d\u1ecbch v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba ngay t\u00ecnh th\u00ec v\u1ee3, ch\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng t\u00ean t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n x\u00e1c l\u1eadp, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n giao d\u1ecbch li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3<\/em>\u201d[46]<\/a>. Tuy nhi\u00ean, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n thu\u1ed9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu chung c\u1ee7a v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt H\u00f4n nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng chung \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

11.3. V\u00ec v\u1eady,<\/em> \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 theo h\u01b0\u1edbng:<\/p>\n