{"id":33305,"date":"2022-05-30T22:59:13","date_gmt":"2022-05-30T15:59:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/anvilaw.com\/vi\/?p=33305"},"modified":"2025-02-13T16:48:36","modified_gmt":"2025-02-13T09:48:36","slug":"3-190a-mot-so-vuong-mac-bat-cap-khi-ap-dung-bien-phap-bao-dam-the-chap-theo-bo-luat-dan-su-2015","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/anvilaw.com\/vi\/3-190a-mot-so-vuong-mac-bat-cap-khi-ap-dung-bien-phap-bao-dam-the-chap-theo-bo-luat-dan-su-2015\/","title":{"rendered":"3.190a. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc, b\u1ea5t c\u1eadp khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p theo B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 2015"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc, b\u1ea5t c\u1eadp khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p theo B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 2015<\/span><\/h4>\n
(TAND) – Ths. L\u00ca B\u00c1 H\u01afNG (Gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Lu\u1eadt Hu\u1ebf)<\/strong>\u00a0– V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng, b\u1edfi trong th\u1eddi gian th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p v\u1eabn thu\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u00ean th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c tranh ch\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t sinh, vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qui \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/em><\/strong><\/h5>\n
\"M\u1ed9t

Vay th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c vay v\u1ed1n c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o – \u1ea2nh: PV<\/p><\/div>\n

1. \u0110\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Trong c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m qui \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i \u0110i\u1ec1u 292 B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 (BLDS) n\u0103m 2015, bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 \u201cn\u1eef ho\u00e0ng\u201d c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m.[1]<\/a>\u00a0B\u1edfi \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u00ean th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n giao t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n trong th\u1eddi gian c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u00a0gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00ec v\u1eady, th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi m\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean tham gia giao d\u1ecbch \u01b0u ti\u00ean l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nguy c\u01a1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat. V\u00ec v\u1eady, ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c qui \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan, cho ph\u00e9p b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m thu h\u1ed3i n\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

2.M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc, b\u1ea5t c\u1eadp khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p theo B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 2015<\/strong><\/h5>\n
2.1. Ch\u01b0a qui \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p t\u1ef1 \u00fd b\u00e1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/strong><\/em><\/h5>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp n\u1eafm gi\u1eef t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u00ean th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, kinh doanh. Do v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p, BLDS n\u0103m 2015 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng qui \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a b\u00ean th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, b\u00ean th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n, thay th\u1ebf, trao \u0111\u1ed5i, t\u1eb7ng cho t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p, tr\u1eeb t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh h\u00f3a lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n hay tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd ho\u1eb7c theo qui \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt.[2]<\/a>\u00a0Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c b\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn r\u1ea5t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1eabn c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u00ean th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p t\u1ef1 \u00fd chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 163\/2006\/N\u0110-CP qui \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p b\u00e1n, trao \u0111\u1ed5i, t\u1eb7ng cho t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p nh\u01b0 sau[3]<\/a>:<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t,<\/em>\u00a0trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u00ean th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p b\u00e1n, trao \u0111\u1ed5i, t\u1eb7ng cho t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, kinh doanh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u1ee7a b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p th\u00ec b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n thu h\u1ed3i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p, tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n

– Vi\u1ec7c mua, trao \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p v\u00e0 b\u00ean mua, b\u00ean nh\u1eadn trao \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p ngay t\u00ecnh;<\/p>\n

–\u00a0 B\u00ean mua, b\u00ean nh\u1eadn trao \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi\u00a0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c s\u1ed1 khung\u00a0v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 m\u00e1y\u00a0c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 b\u00ean mua, b\u00ean nh\u1eadn trao \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p ngay t\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 hai<\/em>, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n thu h\u1ed3i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p th\u00ec c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, quy\u1ec1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thanh to\u00e1n ho\u1eb7c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c mua b\u00e1n, trao \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p thay th\u1ebf cho s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1n, trao \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd th\u00ec b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 ba<\/em>, b\u00ean mua, b\u00ean b\u00e1n nh\u1eadn trao \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p sau \u0111\u00e2y: b\u00ean th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p b\u00e1n, trao \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p m\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u1ee7a b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c mua b\u00e1n, trao \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p thu\u1ed9c 2 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t n\u00eau tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p v\u1eeba n\u00eau ch\u1ec9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p c\u00f3 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m. Theo qui \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 8020\/VBHN-BTP 2013 v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m g\u1ed3m:\u00a0th\u1ebf\u00a0ch\u1ea5p\u00a0quy\u1ec1n\u00a0s\u1eed\u00a0d\u1ee5ng\u00a0\u0111\u1ea5t;\u00a0th\u1ebf\u00a0ch\u1ea5p\u00a0t\u00e0u\u00a0bay;\u00a0th\u1ebf\u00a0ch\u1ea5p\u00a0t\u00e0u\u00a0bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c\u00a0tr\u01b0\u1eddng\u00a0h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c n\u1ebfu\u00a0ph\u00e1p\u00a0lu\u1eadt\u00a0c\u00f3\u00a0quy\u00a0\u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/a>[4]<\/a>\u00a0\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00eau tr\u00ean ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0\u0111\u0103ng\u00a0k\u00fd\u00a0khi\u00a0c\u00e1\u00a0nh\u00e2n,\u00a0t\u1ed5\u00a0ch\u1ee9c\u00a0c\u00f3\u00a0y\u00eau\u00a0c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, v\u1edbi qui \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 BLDS n\u0103m 2015 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i cho b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p.\u00a0V\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t<\/em>, \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi \u0110i\u1ec1u 117 BLDS n\u0103m 2015, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00eau tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng vi ph\u1ea1m c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a giao d\u1ecbch d\u00e2n s\u1ef1. V\u00ec lu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5m b\u00ean th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, lu\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 qui \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u00ean th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecfi \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u1ee7a b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, b\u00ean th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 hai<\/em>, gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed b\u00ean th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n cho b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba, th\u00ec b\u00ean nh\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng giao k\u1ebft. V\u00ec theo qui \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i \u0110i\u1ec1u 423 BLDS n\u0103m 2015 th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c b\u00ean giao k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u00ean th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p t\u1ef1 \u00fd chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecfi \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p th\u00ec qui \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n nay c\u1ee7a BLDS n\u0103m 2015 ch\u01b0a th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i cho b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m. V\u00ec lu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng qui \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p l\u00ed c\u1ee7a giao d\u1ecbch. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i thi\u1ebft ngh\u0129, BLDS n\u0103m 2015 n\u00ean b\u1ed5 sung qui \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c b\u00ean th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p t\u1ef1 \u00fd b\u00e1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u1ee7a b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf x\u1eed l\u00fd khi vi ph\u1ea1m x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n

2.2. Ch\u01b0a qui \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ee3p l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/em><\/h5>\n

Quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p. V\u00ec v\u1eady, BLDS n\u0103m 2015 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ed5 sung hai \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt m\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u0110i\u1ec1u 325 v\u00e0 \u0110i\u1ec1u 326 \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. Theo \u0111\u00f3, \u0110i\u1ec1u 325 qui \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 sau: \u201c\u00a0<\/strong>1. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00ec t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t, tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn kh\u00e1c. 2. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00ec khi x\u1eed l\u00fd quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t trong ph\u1ea1m vi quy\u1ec1n, ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh; quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a b\u00ean th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p trong m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n giao cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t, tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn kh\u00e1c\u201d. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, theo tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt th\u00ec t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean thu\u1ed9c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p. V\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn b\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y, qui \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y \u0111ang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i hai quan \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00e1i chi\u1ec1u:<\/h6>\n

Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t<\/em>, vi\u1ec7c qui \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 kho\u1ea3n 1 \u0110i\u1ec1u 325 BLDS n\u0103m 2015 l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. B\u1edfi xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, do \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n quy\u1ec1n (bao g\u1ed3m quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu) \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t lu\u00f4n g\u1eafn v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc, kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c mua b\u00e1n, chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf sau khi c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m.[5]<\/a><\/p>\n

Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 hai<\/em>, vi\u1ec7c qui \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 \u00a0kho\u1ea3n 1 \u0110i\u1ec1u 325 BLDS n\u0103m 2015 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, b\u1edfi v\u00ec lu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i cho nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 n\u1ee3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, A th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t cho B \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi A c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 n\u1ee3 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 C v\u00e0 D. Theo qui \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u201ct\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m\u201d v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady B s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean thanh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t.[6]<\/a><\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o h\u1ee3p l\u00fd th\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t\u00a0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a BLDS \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn. N\u1ebfu c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec khi th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, c\u00e1c b\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng \u00fd ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, ngo\u00e0i nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n, th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean, ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 (c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 n\u1ee3 v\u1edbi nhau) c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m thanh to\u00e1n nh\u01b0 nhau.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn trong giao d\u1ecbch d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 th\u00ec kho\u1ea3n 1\u0110i\u1ec1u 325 BLDS n\u0103m 2015 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i, b\u1ed5 sung theo h\u01b0\u1edbng: \u201cTr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00ec t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t\u00a0n\u1ebfu\u00a0ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t\u00a0\u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd,\u00a0tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p\u00a0ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt c\u00f3 qui \u0111\u1ecbnh\u00a0kh\u00e1c\u201d<\/em>, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qui \u0111\u1ecbnh theo h\u01b0\u1edbng cho ph\u00e9p x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

2.3. C<\/strong>h\u01b0a qui \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n<\/strong><\/em><\/h5>\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t, nh\u00e0 \u1edf ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t\u2026, BLDS n\u0103m 2015 c\u0169ng th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c, h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n, thay th\u1ebf, trao \u0111\u1ed5i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, kinh doanh. BLDS n\u0103m 2015 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u00e8 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0ng Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 163\/2006\/N\u0110-CP v\u1ec1 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 sau: H\u00e0ng h\u00f3a lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, kinh doanh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i, mua b\u00e1n, cho thu\u00ea trong ph\u1ea1m vi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, kinh doanh c\u1ee7a b\u00ean b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m.[7]<\/a><\/p>\n

Theo qui \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3n 4 \u0110i\u1ec1u 321 BLDS n\u0103m 2015, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u00ean th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n th\u00ec\u00a0quy\u1ec1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u00ean mua thanh to\u00e1n ti\u1ec1n, s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p. V\u1edbi qui n\u00e0y, BLDS n\u0103m 2015 cho ph\u00e9p b\u00ean th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n b\u00e1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p m\u00e0 b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n thu h\u1ed3i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f3, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 khi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, BLDS n\u0103m 2015 kh\u00f4ng qui \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n khi th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c b\u00ean giao d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u th\u00ec v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m. Theo qui \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a kho\u1ea3n 1 \u0110i\u1ec1u 20\u00a0Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh\u00a0s\u1ed1\u00a0163\/2006\/N\u0110-CP v\u1ec1 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u00ec b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n thu h\u1ed3i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u00ean th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p b\u00e1n, trao \u0111\u1ed5i, t\u1eb7ng cho t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, kinh doanh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u1ee7a b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh h\u00f3a lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u00ec b\u00ean th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p b\u00e1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i cho b\u00ean mua t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i cho b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, n\u1ebfu ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt cho ph\u00e9p b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng \u00fd ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean giao d\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n

V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y Lu\u1eadt Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i n\u0103m 2005 (s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i, b\u1ed5 sung n\u0103m 2017) qui \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd: Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 th\u00ec b\u00ean b\u00e1n ph\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho b\u00ean mua v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u1ee7a b\u00ean nh\u1eadn b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u00f3[8]<\/a>. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t sinh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i khi n\u00e0o ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn chi\u1ebfu Lu\u1eadt Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i cho b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n, kho\u1ea3n 4 \u0110i\u1ec1u\u00a0 321 BLDS n\u0103m 2015 n\u00ean s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i, b\u1ed5 sung theo h\u01b0\u1edbng: \u201c\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n, thay th\u1ebf, trao \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p, n\u1ebfu t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, kinh doanh<\/em>\u00a0tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, quy\u1ec1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u00ean mua thanh to\u00e1n ti\u1ec1n, s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p\u201d.<\/p>\n

2.4. Ch\u01b0a qui \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p l\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/strong><\/em><\/h5>\n

T\u00e0i s\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p ngo\u00e0i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Theo qui \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a kho\u1ea3n 2 \u0110i\u1ec1u 108 BLDS n\u0103m 2015 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t trong hai d\u1ea1ng: t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ch\u01b0a h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh; t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c l\u1eadp quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu sau th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u00e1c l\u1eadp giao d\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n

T\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qui \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1c nhau trong c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n qui ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt. Lu\u1eadt Kinh doanh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n n\u0103m 2014 qui \u0111\u1ecbnh: Nh\u00e0, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai l\u00e0 nh\u00e0, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111ang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u1ec7m thu \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.[9]<\/a> Lu\u1eadt Nh\u00e0 \u1edf n\u0103m 2014 qui \u0111\u1ecbnh: Nh\u00e0 \u1edf h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai\u00a0l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111ang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u1ec7m thu \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.[10]<\/a> BLDS n\u0103m 2015 qui \u0111\u1ecbnh:\u00a0T\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai bao g\u1ed3m t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ch\u01b0a h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c l\u1eadp quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n sau th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u00e1c l\u1eadp giao d\u1ecbch.[11]<\/a><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n qui ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt tr\u00ean cho th\u1ea5y, qui \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai trong BLDS n\u0103m 2015 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi Lu\u1eadt Kinh doanh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n n\u0103m 2014 v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt Nh\u00e0 \u1edf n\u0103m 2014. Theo \u0111\u00f3, nh\u00e0 \u1edf v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u1ec7m thu \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c l\u1eadp quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n sau th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u00e1c l\u1eadp giao d\u1ecbch th\u00ec BLDS n\u0103m 2015 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Nh\u01b0ng Lu\u1eadt Kinh doanh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n n\u0103m 2014 v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt Nh\u00e0 \u1edf n\u0103m 2014 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, ph\u1ea1m vi qui \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai nh\u01b0 BLDS n\u0103m 2015 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00f3 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m cho r\u1eb1ng, qui \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai t\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3n 2 \u0110i\u1ec1u 108 BLDS \u201cd\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 v\u1ebb h\u01a1i qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft khi kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cho t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai\u201d.[12]<\/a>\u00a0D\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0110i\u1ec1u 295 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt qui \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0o quan h\u1ec7 giao d\u1ecbch d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i cho c\u00e1c b\u00ean giao d\u1ecbch li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai th\u00ec ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m kh\u00e1ch quan v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec1n b\u00f9 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i.V\u00ed d\u1ee5, Lu\u1eadt Kinh doanh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cCh\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u00e1n, cho thu\u00ea mua nh\u00e0 \u1edf h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng khi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng b\u00e0n giao nh\u00e0 \u1edf theo \u0111\u00fang ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 cam k\u1ebft v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng\u201d.[13]<\/a>\u00a0Qui n\u00e0y n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 y\u00ean t\u00e2m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua, b\u1edfi h\u1ecd c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec1n b\u00f9 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i tho\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p v\u00ec l\u00fd do g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh theo cam k\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c qui \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 BLDS n\u0103m 2015 hi\u1ec7n nay, vi\u1ec7c th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t r\u1ee7i ro l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p. V\u00ec v\u1eady, m\u1edbi c\u00f3 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m cho r\u1eb1ng, th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3, ch\u01b0a h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh l\u00e0 phi l\u00ed, v\u00ec ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1eb1ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ph\u00e1t sinh ngay sau khi th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p.[14]<\/a><\/em> Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng qu\u00e1 \u201ckh\u1eaft khe\u201d \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. B\u1edfi v\u00ec, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u201cch\u01b0a h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh\u201d trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111ang h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh theo m\u1ed9t l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u00fd ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 giao d\u1ecbch, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c, d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n, v\u00e0o \u00fd ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c.[15]<\/a>\u00a0Tuy nhi\u00ean, qui \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 BLDS n\u0103m 2015 ch\u01b0a th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. V\u00ec v\u1eabn c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i r\u1ee7i ro cho b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p. V\u00ec v\u1eady, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ph\u00e1t sinh tranh ch\u1ea5p gi\u1eefa b\u00ean th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p v\u00e0 b\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p th\u00ec c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai ho\u1eb7c BLDS n\u0103m 2015 c\u1ea7n b\u1ed5 sung m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt qui \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p l\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng, b\u1edfi trong th\u1eddi gian th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p v\u1eabn thu\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u00ean th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c tranh ch\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t sinh, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qui \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt m\u00e0 trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ho\u1eb7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m giao d\u1ecbch. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7t ra khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed5 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh dung nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt quy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n. Song song v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tri\u1ec3n khai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i s\u1ef1 di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n. [16]<\/a><\/p>\n

    [1]<\/em><\/a>\u00a0B\u00f9i Th\u1ecb Duy\u00ean, Ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 – th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n, Lu\u1eadn v\u0103n th\u1ea1c s\u0129, 2014, Khoa Lu\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia h\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, tr.13.<\/em><\/p>\n

    [2]<\/em><\/a>\u00a0BLDS n\u0103m 2015, \u0110i\u1ec1u 320, Kho\u1ea3n 8.<\/em><\/p>\n

    [3]<\/em><\/a>\u00a0Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh\u00a0<\/em>s\u1ed1<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>163\/2006\/N\u0110-CP v\u1ec1 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, \u0110i\u1ec1u 20.<\/em><\/p>\n

    [4]<\/em><\/a>\u00a0Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh\u00a0<\/em>s\u1ed1<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>8020\/VBHN-BTP<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>v\u1ec1 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, \u0110i\u1ec1u 3.<\/em><\/p>\n

    [5]<\/em><\/a>\u00a0Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n C\u1eeb & Tr\u1ea7n Th\u1ecb Hu\u1ec7, B\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn khoa h\u1ecdc B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015, Nxb C\u00f4ng An Nh\u00e2n D\u00e2n, 2017, tr.523.<\/em><\/p>\n

    [6]<\/em><\/a>\u00a0\u0110\u1ed7 V\u0103n \u0110\u1ea1i, B\u00ccnh lu\u1eadn khoa h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015, Nxb H\u1ed3ng \u0110\u1ee9c \u2013 H\u1ed9i Lu\u1eadt Gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam, 2016. tr.329.<\/em><\/p>\n

    [7]<\/em><\/a>\u00a0Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh\u00a0<\/em>s\u1ed1<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>163\/2006\/N\u0110-CP v\u1ec1 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, \u0110i\u1ec1u 3 Kho\u1ea3n 8.<\/em><\/p>\n

    [8]<\/em><\/a>\u00a0Lu\u1eadt Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i n\u0103m 2005 (s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i, b\u1ed5 sung\u00a0 n\u0103m 2017), \u0110i\u1ec1u 48.<\/em><\/p>\n

    [9]<\/em><\/a>\u00a0<\/em>Lu\u1eadt Kinh doanh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n n\u0103m 2014,\u00a0<\/em>\u0110i\u1ec1u 3, kho\u1ea3n 4.<\/em><\/p>\n

    [10]<\/em><\/a>\u00a0<\/em>Lu\u1eadt Nh\u00e0 \u1edf n\u0103m 2014,\u00a0<\/em>\u0110i\u1ec1u 19, Kho\u1ea3n 3.<\/em><\/p>\n

    [11]<\/em><\/a>\u00a0<\/em>BLDS n\u0103m 2015,\u00a0<\/em>\u0110i\u1ec1u 108, Kho\u1ea3n 2.<\/em><\/p>\n

    [12]<\/em><\/a>\u00a0\u0110\u00f5 V\u0103n \u0110\u1ea1i, B\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn khoa h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015, Nxb H\u1ed3ng \u0110\u1ee9c \u2013 H\u1ed9i Lu\u1eadt Gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam, 2016. Tr.124.<\/em><\/p>\n

    [13]<\/em><\/a>Lu\u1eadt Kinh doanh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n n\u0103m 2014,<\/em>\u00a0\u0110i\u1ec1u 56, kho\u1ea3n 1.<\/em><\/p>\n

    [14]<\/em><\/a> Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0<\/span><\/a> Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Thanh \u0110\u1ee9c<\/a>\u00a0(Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c <\/span>C\u00f4ng ty Lu\u1eadt<\/a> ANVI<\/a>)<\/strong>, Ch\u00edn bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/a>, Nxb Ch\u00ednh Tr\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c Gia s\u1ef1 Th\u1eadt, n\u0103m 2019, tr.161.<\/em><\/p>\n

    [15]<\/em><\/a>\u00a0http:\/\/lapphap.vn\/Pages\/tintuc\/tinchitiet.aspx?tintucid=210244<\/a>, truy c\u1eadp 11\/11\/2020.<\/em><\/p>\n

    [16]<\/em><\/a>\u00a0http:\/\/lapphap.vn\/Pages\/tintuc\/tinchitiet.aspx?tintucid=210244<\/a>, truy c\u1eadp 11\/11\/2020.<\/em><\/p>\n

    ————–<\/strong><\/p>\n

    T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed T\u00f2a \u00e1n Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n 30-6-2022:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    https:\/\/tapchitoaan.vn\/bai-viet\/nghien-cuu-xay-dung-phap-luat\/mot-so-vuong-mac-bat-cap-khi-ap-dung-bien-phap-bao-dam-the-chap-theo-bo-luat-dan-su-20156648.html<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

    (89\/4.300)<\/em>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc, b\u1ea5t c\u1eadp khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p theo B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 2015 (TAND) – Ths. L\u00ca B\u00c1 H\u01afNG (Gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Lu\u1eadt Hu\u1ebf)\u00a0– V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng, b\u1edfi trong th\u1eddi gian th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":33306,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,26],"tags":[50,36],"class_list":["post-33305","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-binh-luan-gop-y","category-legal-media","tag-luat-su-dan-su","tag-luat-su-ngan-hang"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n3.190a. 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