{"id":5250,"date":"1998-10-15T08:48:18","date_gmt":"1998-10-15T01:48:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/anvilaw.com\/vi\/?p=5250"},"modified":"2024-11-15T16:38:57","modified_gmt":"2024-11-15T09:38:57","slug":"29-ve-ban-chat-cua-hop-dong-tin-dung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/anvilaw.com\/vi\/29-ve-ban-chat-cua-hop-dong-tin-dung\/","title":{"rendered":"29. V\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng."},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng.<\/span><\/h4>\n
(TCNH) – T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng s\u1ed1 14, th\u00e1ng 7-1998, c\u00f3 \u0111\u0103ng b\u00e0i: “H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng: kinh t\u1ebf hay d\u00e2n s\u1ef1?” c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Mai Anh. T\u00f4i xin trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd m\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft:<\/h5>\n

– “\u0110a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a NHTM \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kinh doanh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean vay v\u00e0 cho vay (tr\u1eeb cho vay ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng) n\u00ean h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng (H\u0110TD) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t v\u00e0o nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c H\u0110KT”<\/em>;<\/p>\n

– “V\u1edbi m\u1ee5c 4, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng II: “H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng vay t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n”, BLDS \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eb7c nhi\u00ean c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn H\u0110TD l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t H\u0110DS”<\/em>;<\/p>\n

– “Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00fd do g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u00e1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01a1n ki\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 v\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a NHTM”;<\/em><\/p>\n

– “H\u0110TD hay H\u0110KT c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a giao d\u1ecbch d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c l\u1eadp th\u00f4ng qua h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tranh ch\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf tham chi\u1ebfu v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt cao nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 BLDS”.<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft cho r\u1eb1ng: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia, H\u0110TD l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng kinh t\u1ebf (H\u0110KT), c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ebfn nay th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 (H\u0110DS).<\/p>\n

V\u1eady, H\u0110TD l\u00e0 H\u0110KT hay H\u0110DS v\u00e0 sau khi c\u00f3 B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e1p l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft: “D\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh lu\u1eadt chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi kinh t\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng suy cho c\u00f9ng, v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt kinh t\u1ebf c\u0169ng thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 H\u0110KT ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a H\u0110DS m\u00e0 th\u00f4i”<\/em>. Hay n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh lu\u1eadt kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp nh\u01b0 l\u00e2u nay. Tuy nhi\u00ean, lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng l\u00e0 lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p. Hi\u1ec7n nay, song song v\u1edbi H\u0110DS, ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a H\u0110KT.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00fang l\u00e0, tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n cho vay c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kinh doanh, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng H\u0110TD “\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t v\u00e0o nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c H\u0110KT”<\/em>. \u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u0110TD c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t H\u0110KT theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh H\u0110KT <\/em>n\u0103m 1989 hay kh\u00f4ng, ph\u1ea3i c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o 3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c:<\/em> H\u0110KT ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n. H\u0110TD \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m “k\u00fd k\u1ebft”, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m “giao k\u1ebft” H\u0110TD nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi H\u0110DS.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch k\u00fd k\u1ebft: <\/em>H\u0110KT ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kinh doanh. V\u1ec1 ph\u00eda c\u00e1c T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng (TCTD), th\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kinh doanh \u0111\u00e3 r\u00f5, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u00eda kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng vay ti\u1ec1n. N\u1ebfu b\u00ean vay kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kinh doanh (tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kinh doanh, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng), th\u00ec H\u0110TD \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 H\u0110DS, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 H\u0110KT.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng:<\/em> M\u1ed9t trong hai b\u00ean ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a H\u0110KT ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n. B\u00ean TCTD n\u00f3i chung, bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n. C\u00f2n b\u00ean vay ti\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd kinh doanh th\u00ec H\u0110TD m\u1edbi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh H\u0110KT, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u0169ng s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 H\u0110DS.<\/p>\n

V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7, th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 “c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd kinh doanh”<\/em>? Theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i Kinh t\u1ebf Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, “c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd kinh doanh”<\/em> bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 “gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p kinh doanh”<\/em> do UBND huy\u1ec7n, qu\u1eadn, th\u1ecb x\u00e3 v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 thu\u1ed9c t\u1ec9nh c\u1ea5p. Sau khi To\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf ra \u0111\u1eddi thay th\u1ebf vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i, th\u00ec TAND T\u1ed1i cao \u0111\u00e3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh H\u0110DS<\/em> n\u0103m 1991 v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh Th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u00e1n kinh t\u1ebf<\/em> n\u0103m 1994, c\u00f3 hai C\u00f4ng v\u0103n s\u1ed1 442\/KHXX ng\u00e0y 18-7-1994<\/em> v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 11\/KHXX ng\u00e0y 23-1-1996<\/em>, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn r\u00f5: “c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd kinh doanh”<\/em> ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 “gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p kinh doanh”<\/em> nh\u01b0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i Kinh t\u1ebf. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u H\u0110TD m\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 H\u0110KT, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 H\u0110DS.<\/p>\n

Sau khi B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1<\/em> n\u0103m 1995 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c, hu\u1ef7 b\u1ecf Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh H\u0110DS<\/em>, TAND T\u1ed1i cao v\u00e0 VKSND T\u1ed1i cao \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 li\u00ean ng\u00e0nh s\u1ed1 04\/TTLN, ng\u00e0y 26-8-1996, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m “c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd<\/strong> kinh doanh”<\/em> c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 “c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p<\/strong> kinh doanh”<\/em>. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a H\u0110KT l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f3 Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh Th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u00e1n kinh t\u1ebf<\/em>.<\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, hi\u1ec7n nay H\u0110TD s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t H\u0110KT khi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng vay ti\u1ec1n (kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng) l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n, doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p kinh doanh <\/em>theo Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 66-H\u0110BT ng\u00e0y 2-3-1992 c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/em> (nay l\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7). Nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, H\u0110TD s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t H\u0110DS.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e2y, c\u0169ng xin trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00eam v\u1edbi t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u201cV\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng<\/em>\u201d\u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng s\u1ed1 19 th\u00e1ng 10-1998. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh H\u0110DS<\/em> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c C\u00f4ng v\u0103n 442 v\u00e0 11\/KHXX n\u00f3i tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a TAND gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng H\u0110TD mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 khi: \u201c\u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n, khi c\u00f3 tranh ch\u1ea5p th\u00ec do t\u00f2a d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft<\/em>\u201d. Nh\u01b0ng theo B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1<\/em> v\u00e0 Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 li\u00ean ng\u00e0nh 04\/TTLN<\/em> n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, th\u00ec h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2n hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 26-8-1996 \u0111\u1ebfn nay, c\u00e1c H\u0110TD m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi vay l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p kinh doanh v\u00e0 vay ti\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, th\u00ec v\u1eabn l\u00e0 H\u0110KT. <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, vi\u1ec7c giao k\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n H\u0110DS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1<\/em>, c\u00f2n vi\u1ec7c k\u00fd k\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n H\u0110KT v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh H\u0110KT<\/em>. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 H\u0110DS ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh Th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u00e1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1<\/em> n\u0103m 1989, c\u00f2n vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 H\u0110KT v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh Th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u00e1n kinh t\u1ebf<\/em>. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 mang c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 H\u0110DS c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1<\/em> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c quan h\u1ec7 H\u0110KT ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao h\u01a1n. B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 3 Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t cho nhau.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, t\u1eeb khi c\u00f3 Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh H\u0110KT<\/em> \u0111\u1ebfn nay, kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy k\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng H\u0110TD ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 H\u0110KT ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 H\u0110DS<\/strong> . H\u0110TD c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 H\u0110KT ho\u1eb7c H\u0110DS, tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u1edf tr\u00ean hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/h5>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, m\u1ed7i khi k\u00fd H\u0110TD, c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t n\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng g\u00ec. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 cho r\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia “H\u0110TD l\u00e0 H\u0110DS hay H\u0110KT c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec quan tr\u1ecdng”<\/em>. C\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 H\u0110KT hay H\u0110DS th\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng, quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i b\u00ean theo lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecbnh,…<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu H\u0110TD l\u00e0 H\u0110KT th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh H\u0110KT<\/em>, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1<\/em> (hay Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh H\u0110DS<\/em> tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia) v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i kh\u1edfi ki\u1ec7n ra To\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf, theo Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh Th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u00e1n kinh t\u1ebf<\/em>, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec7n ra To\u00e0 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu H\u0110TD l\u00e0 H\u0110DS th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1<\/em>,\u00a0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh H\u0110KT<\/em>v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i kh\u1edfi ki\u1ec7n ra To\u00e0 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, theo Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u00e1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1<\/em>, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra To\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf (hay Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i Kinh t\u1ebf Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia).<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p l\u00fd l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7, th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7u kh\u1edfi ki\u1ec7n v\u1ee5 \u00e1n kinh t\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 6 th\u00e1ng, c\u00f2n th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7u kh\u1edfi ki\u1ec7n v\u1ee5 \u00e1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 th\u00ec l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ebft th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7u kh\u1edfi ki\u1ec7n kinh t\u1ebf, th\u00ec TCTD kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n kh\u1edfi ki\u1ec7n theo th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u1eefa. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 6 th\u00e1ng, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y ph\u00e1t sinh tranh ch\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 H\u0110TD, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 To\u00e0 \u00e1n kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p H\u0110KT nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn nh\u1eadn th\u1ee5 l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c tranh ch\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 do c\u00e1c b\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn. Theo Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 li\u00ean ng\u00e0nh s\u1ed1 04\/TTLN ng\u00e0y 7-1-1995 c\u1ee7a TAND T\u1ed1i cao v\u00e0 VKSND T\u1ed1i cao th\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, tu\u1ef3 theo t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t, n\u1ed9i dung tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n kinh t\u1ebf hay v\u1ee5 \u00e1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 n\u1eafm v\u1eefng lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p th\u00ec c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng qu\u00e1 lo vi\u1ec7c h\u1ebft th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7u kh\u1edfi ki\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh H\u0110TD l\u00e0 H\u0110KT hay H\u0110DS c\u00f2n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng (th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p, c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1, b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh,…) theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh H\u0110KT<\/em> hay c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1,<\/em> m\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n nay kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u1ed1ng nhau. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng H\u0110TD l\u00e0 H\u0110KT th\u00ec c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p t\u1ea1i c\u01a1 quan Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i Kinh t\u1ebf (Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i phi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7) ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo N\u0110 116-CP ng\u00e0y 5-9-1994 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, m\u00e0 theo Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt n\u0103m 1998, s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng l\u00ean th\u00e0nh Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 l\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m chung gi\u1eefa H\u0110KT v\u00e0 H\u0110DS l\u00e0: Sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e9t x\u1eed \u1edf To\u00e0 \u00e1n, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c thi h\u00e0nh \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh Thi h\u00e0nh \u00e1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1<\/em> n\u0103m 1993.<\/p>\n

Theo Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt n\u0103m 1998, th\u00ec U\u1ef7 ban Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i c\u0169ng s\u1ebd th\u00f4ng qua Ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh H\u0110KT <\/em>m\u1edbi. V\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, H\u0110TD c\u0169ng v\u1eabn s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t H\u0110KT hay m\u1ed9t H\u0110DS, c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 theo Lu\u1eadt c\u00e1c TCTD<\/em>, th\u00ec c\u00e1c TCTD c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n hay l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7, h\u1ee3p l\u00fd nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0: H\u0110TD ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t<\/strong>, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/em>, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 H\u0110KT hay H\u0110DS; c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00fd, c\u00e1c TCTD ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh doanh nghi\u1ec7p theo 5 lu\u1eadt doanh nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh C\u00f4ng ty TNHH nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt C\u00f4ng ty.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng, Lu\u1eadt c\u00e1c TCTD<\/em> c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb 1-10-1998 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 hai \u0111i\u1ec1u mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u00f3. V\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c TCTD n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n H\u0110TD n\u00f3i ri\u00eang s\u1ebd c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0<\/span><\/a> Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Thanh \u0110\u1ee9c<\/a>,<\/a> Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c C\u00f4ng ty Lu\u1eadt<\/a> ANVI<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng H\u00e0ng H\u1ea3i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

——————————————————————-<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng s\u1ed1 10\/1998:<\/u><\/em><\/strong>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng. (TCNH) – T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng s\u1ed1 14, th\u00e1ng 7-1998, c\u00f3 \u0111\u0103ng b\u00e0i: “H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng: kinh t\u1ebf hay d\u00e2n s\u1ef1?” c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Mai Anh. T\u00f4i xin trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd m\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft: – […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5253,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,26],"tags":[32,39,34,36],"class_list":["post-5250","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nghien-cuu-bao-chi","category-legal-media","tag-anvi","tag-cong-ty-luat-anvi","tag-luat-su-doanh-nghiep","tag-luat-su-ngan-hang"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n29. 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