{"id":5272,"date":"1998-10-14T12:16:12","date_gmt":"1998-10-14T05:16:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/anvilaw.com\/vi\/?p=5272"},"modified":"2024-11-15T16:42:37","modified_gmt":"2024-11-15T09:42:37","slug":"28-dau-la-chuan-muc-cua-chu-cai-tieng-viet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/anvilaw.com\/vi\/28-dau-la-chuan-muc-cua-chu-cai-tieng-viet\/","title":{"rendered":"28. \u0110\u00e2u l\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef c\u00e1i ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u00e2u l\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef c\u00e1i ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t?<\/span><\/h4>\n
(NN&\u0110S) – Qua h\u01a1n ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eebng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a B\u1ea3ng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa.<\/h5>\n
V\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ch\u1eef c\u00e1i<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc ph\u00e1t \u00e2m ch\u1eef c\u00e1i ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 “a, b\u00ea, x\u00ea,…” tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay b\u1eb1ng “a, b\u1edd c\u1edd,…”. \u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed NN & \u0110S, n\u00eau l\u00ean hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ea5p II ng\u1ee1 ng\u00e0ng khi nghe th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o g\u1ecdi t\u00ean 3 \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a h\u00ecnh tam gi\u00e1c l\u00e0 “a, b\u00ea, x\u00ea”. Li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, th\u00ec c\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c em s\u1ebd cho r\u1eb1ng \u0110\u00e0i Ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0i Truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh VN h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ecdc sai nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1eef c\u00e1i ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 c\u00e1c em \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc. N\u1ebfu c\u1ee9 theo c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n nay, th\u00ec kinh t\u1ebf V.A.C ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc l\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf “v\u1edd, a, c\u1edd”, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0111i B, C, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc l\u00e0 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0111i “b\u1edd’, “c\u1edd”,…<\/p>\n

Ki\u1ec3u ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft th\u01b0\u1eddng, tuy \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi ch\u1eef tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0, tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia, c\u00e1c ch\u1eef c\u00e1i n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u d\u00f2ng, g\u1ed3m: b, d, g, h, k, l, p, q, t v\u00e0 y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i l\u00ean ho\u1eb7c xu\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb 1,5 \u0111\u1ebfn 2,5 l\u1ea7n, th\u00ec nay th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 2 l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 h\u1ecdc B\u1ea3ng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i theo c\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau, d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc, c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a nhau.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft hoa<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Ch\u1eef in hoa v\u00e0 ch\u1eef in th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Nh\u01b0ng ri\u00eang ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft hoa, th\u00ec c\u00f2n kh\u00e1 l\u1ed9n x\u1ed9n ngay trong ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa.<\/p>\n

Trong 3 cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch: “L\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi ch\u1eef c\u00e1i” (n\u0103m 1997), “Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho b\u00e9 v\u00e0o l\u1edbp 1” (n\u0103m 1998) v\u00e0 “Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t – L\u1edbp 1” (n\u0103m 1998), \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c v\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng bi\u00ean t\u1eadp ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra 3 ki\u1ec3u ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft hoa r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
L\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi ch\u1eef c\u00e1i<\/strong><\/td>\nChu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho b\u00e9 v\u00e0o l\u1edbp 1<\/strong><\/td>\nTi\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[1]<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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H\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft hoa trong cu\u1ed1n “Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t” kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n hai cu\u1ed1n kia. Ri\u00eang m\u1eabu ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft hoa trong cu\u1ed1n “L\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi ch\u1eef c\u00e1i”, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa th\u00edch th\u00eam l\u00e0 “Theo Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 29 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o”. \u0110\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfc l\u00e0, kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 kia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y, th\u00e1ng, n\u0103m n\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

V\u1eady th\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft hoa chu\u1ea9n? Vi\u1ebft ch\u1eef l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c. D\u1ea1y tr\u1ebb em m\u1edbi l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi ch\u1eef m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1edbi m\u1ea5y ki\u1ec3u kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec kh\u00e1c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed1 con tr\u1ebb.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed NN & \u0110S s\u1ed1 8 (22) – 1997 c\u00f3 \u0111\u0103ng b\u00e0i Chung quanh ch\u1eef “I” v\u00e0 ch\u1eef… “T”, trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 H\u1ed3 S\u0129 Tho\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n v\u00e2n r\u1eb1ng, kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 ai kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng ra ch\u1eef “T” hoa c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7u, gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t ch\u1eef “I”, \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1i m\u1ed1t tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, v\u1eeba thi\u1ebfu chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c v\u1eeba d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc. H\u00f3a ra, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra t\u1eeb B\u1ea3ng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c (trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean l\u00e0 \u1edf cu\u1ed1n Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho b\u00e9 v\u00e0o l\u1edbp 1).<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc vi\u1ebft hoa<\/h5>\n

Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, ngo\u00e0i danh t\u1eeb ri\u00eang, v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc vi\u1ebft hoa trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c danh, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, c\u00e1c t\u00ean c\u01a1 quan, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c,…\u00a0 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, tr\u00ean b\u00e1o vi\u1ebft, b\u00e1o h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft hoa m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c xa nhau.<\/p>\n

Xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea7u c\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh trong 17 n\u0103m qua, l\u00e0 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi\u00a0\u00a0 t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, th\u00ec th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft hoa. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft hoa trong 3 \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, khi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c danh v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed (t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 danh t\u1eeb ri\u00eang):<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Lu\u1eadt<\/strong> n\u0103m 1980<\/strong><\/td>\nLu\u1eadt n\u0103m 1992<\/strong><\/td>\nLu\u1eadt n\u0103m 1997<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
th\u01b0<\/strong> k\u00fd<\/td>\nTh\u01b0<\/strong> k\u00fd<\/td>\nTh\u01b0<\/strong> k\u00fd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ban<\/strong> b\u1ea7u<\/strong> c\u1eed<\/td>\nBan<\/strong> b\u1ea7u<\/strong> c\u1eed<\/td>\nBan<\/strong> B\u1ea7u<\/strong> c\u1eed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u1ed9i<\/strong> \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ea7u<\/strong> c\u1eed<\/td>\nH\u1ed9i<\/strong> \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ea7u<\/strong> c\u1eed<\/td>\nH\u1ed9i<\/strong> \u0111\u1ed3ng B\u1ea7u<\/strong> c\u1eed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u1ee7y<\/strong> ban nh\u00e2n<\/strong> d\u00e2n<\/td>\n\u1ee7y<\/strong> ban nh\u00e2n<\/strong> d\u00e2n<\/td>\n\u1ee7y<\/strong> ban Nh\u00e2n<\/strong> d\u00e2n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u1ee7y<\/strong> ban trung<\/strong> \u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1eb7t<\/strong> tr\u1eadn t\u1ed5<\/strong> qu\u1ed1c<\/td>\n\u1ee7y<\/strong> ban trung<\/strong> \u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1eb7t<\/strong> tr\u1eadn t\u1ed5<\/strong> qu\u1ed1c<\/td>\n\u1ee7y<\/strong> ban Trung<\/strong> \u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1eb7t<\/strong> tr\u1eadn T\u1ed5<\/strong> qu\u1ed1c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\uf0f2<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 4\/21 ch\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft hoa<\/td>\n

\uf0f2<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 6\/21 ch\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft hoa<\/td>\n

\uf0f2<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 11\/21 ch\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft hoa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean b\u00e1o ch\u00ed b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc vi\u1ebft hoa v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u00edt \u00fd ki\u1ebfn tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft hoa tr\u00ean. Nh\u01b0ng qua v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 qua theo d\u00f5i th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, cho th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ebft hoa ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u, v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft hay th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00e0o gi\u00fap cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft hoa.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 ch\u1eef c\u00e1i ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t<\/strong><\/h5>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, B\u1ea3ng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 23 ch\u1eef, trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u0103m c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng l\u00ean 29 ch\u1eef. Nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7n nay, l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5y quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i B\u1ea3ng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i 23 ch\u1eef. Ri\u00eang cu\u1ed1n “Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t – L\u1edbp 1” (n\u0103m 1998, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 1996), B\u1ea3ng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n 22 ch\u1eef. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u1eef “\u0111” \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ch\u1eef c\u00e1i ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t n\u1eefa hay sao?<\/p>\n

V\u1eady ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau ch\u1eef c\u00e1i, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf n\u00e0o? N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 22 ch\u1eef c\u00e1i, k\u00e8m theo 6 thanh d\u1ea5u, th\u00ec\u00a0 c\u00e1c ch\u1eef \u0103, \u00e2, \u0111, \u00ea, \u00f4, \u01a1 v\u00e0 \u01b0 c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 g\u00ec, khi ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u1eef c\u00e1i th\u00eam d\u1ea5u, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u1eef gh\u00e9p? Tuy, B\u1ea3ng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n nay, ch\u1ec9 ghi nh\u1eadn 22 ho\u1eb7c 23 ch\u1eef, nh\u01b0ng trong cu\u1ed1n “Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho b\u00e9 v\u00e0o l\u1edbp 1” n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00e1ch g\u00ec h\u01a1n, c\u0169ng v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i g\u1ecdi 6 ch\u1eef \u0103, \u00e2, \u00ea, \u00f4, \u01a1 v\u00e0 \u01b0 l\u00e0 “ch\u1eef c\u00e1i” (t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eef c\u00e1i ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef!).<\/p>\n

R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc ch\u1eef c\u00e1i Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t. Ch\u1eb3ng l\u1ebd, c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m, l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng, m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ch\u1eef c\u00e1i ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t? V\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00eam m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cho s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u0103n ho\u00e1 – gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ed5 c\u1eadp ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t cho c\u1ea3 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang cho ng\u00e0nh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c trong t\u1eebng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3.<\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0<\/span><\/a> Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Thanh \u0110\u1ee9c<\/a>,<\/a> Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c C\u00f4ng ty Lu\u1eadt<\/a> ANVI<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 \u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng s\u1ed1 9 (35) th\u00e1ng 10-1998:<\/u><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> Ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ch\u1eef c\u1eaft d\u00e1n, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong file.","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u00e2u l\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef c\u00e1i ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t? (NN&\u0110S) – Qua h\u01a1n ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eebng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00f3 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5274,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,26],"tags":[32,39,31,34],"class_list":["post-5272","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nghien-cuu-bao-chi","category-legal-media","tag-anvi","tag-cong-ty-luat-anvi","tag-luat-su","tag-luat-su-doanh-nghiep"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n28. \u0110\u00e2u l\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef c\u00e1i ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t? - ANVI Law Firm<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0110\u00e2u l\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef c\u00e1i ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t | Qua h\u01a1n ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u thay \u0111\u1ed5i...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/anvilaw.com\/vi\/28-dau-la-chuan-muc-cua-chu-cai-tieng-viet\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"[:vi]28. \u0110\u00e2u l\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef c\u00e1i ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t?[:] - 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