{"id":6630,"date":"2016-10-26T11:46:35","date_gmt":"2016-10-26T04:46:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/anvilaw.com\/vi\/?p=6630"},"modified":"2022-02-14T21:49:30","modified_gmt":"2022-02-14T14:49:30","slug":"271-binh-luan-ve-nguyen-nhan-vuong-mac-giai-phap-xu-ly-no-xau","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/anvilaw.com\/vi\/271-binh-luan-ve-nguyen-nhan-vuong-mac-giai-phap-xu-ly-no-xau\/","title":{"rendered":"271. B\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc & gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u."},"content":{"rendered":"(ANVI) – H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o NHNN & V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i 26-10-2016\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn v<\/strong>\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc & gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u[1]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m qua, n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ch\u1eadm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00ec c\u00f3 it nh\u1ea5t 3 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m sai l\u1ea7m: Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5 h\u1ebft l\u1ed7i g\u00e2y ra n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u cho ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng. Th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 ph\u00f3 th\u00e1c h\u1ebft tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u cho ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng. V\u00e0 th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u cho ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng.<\/em><\/p>\n

<\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a>1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u:<\/p>\n

1.1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u:<\/p>\n

N\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u x\u1ea3y ra c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng vay v\u1ed1n. C\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 con n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u. N\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n do ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng vay c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n ch\u00fang, doanh nghi\u1ec7p, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 vay c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

N\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng. Th\u1ee7 ph\u1ea1m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u l\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p. N\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u l\u00e0 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng. V\u00e0, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, x\u00e9t tr\u00ean t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, th\u00ec c\u1ea3 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7y y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro v\u1eeba l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 ph\u1ea1m, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n

N\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t cho t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t tr\u1ed9m. \u0110\u00e0nh r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u1ed7i ch\u1ee7 quan, s\u01a1 su\u1ea5t, y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m, ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c, sai tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n – ch\u1ee7 n\u1ee3. Nh\u01b0ng th\u1ee7 ph\u1ea1m ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 do k\u1ebb tr\u1ed9m – con n\u1ee3, \u0111\u00e3 vay l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng. \u0110\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfc l\u00e0, tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 cho \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ee9 m\u1ed7i th\u1ee7 ph\u1ea1m \u0111i t\u00f9 th\u00ec l\u1ea1i k\u00e9o theo h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n.<\/em>[2]<\/strong><\/em><\/a>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

1.2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u:<\/p>\n

T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u1ea5p, n\u1eb1m trong chu\u1ea9n \u201c\u0111\u1eb9p\u201d. Tuy nhi\u00ean con s\u1ed1 n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t cao do ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1ch to\u00e1n \u0111\u00fang, \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 \u0111ang b\u00e1n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho VAMC.<\/p>\n

Ti\u1ec1n v\u1ed1n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111ang b\u1ecb vi ph\u1ea1m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng khi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u. C\u00e1c c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf ra h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng mua c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n \u0111ang m\u1ea5t \u0103n, m\u1ea5t ng\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng thu h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u, ph\u1ea3i tr\u00edch l\u1eadp d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng r\u1ee7i ro, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng, r\u1ed3i nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb xo\u00e1 s\u1ed5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp, gi\u1ea3i th\u1ec3, ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ebfn nay, c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m r\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, nh\u01b0ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t \u00edt chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u m\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do tr\u00edch l\u1eadp, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n sang VAMC. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 thu h\u1ed3i n\u1ee3, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1n n\u1ee3 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t m\u1ea1i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u00ec c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 V\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc ph\u00e1p l\u00fd trong x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u:<\/p>\n

2.1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nh\u1eefng v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc chung:<\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, t\u1ea1i sao ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o ra n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u kinh kh\u1ee7ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, t\u1ea1i sao ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng thu h\u1ed3i n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u, t\u1ea1i sao ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng k\u00ea bi\u00ean t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, t\u1ecbch thu h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n? V\u00ec theo ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n do ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111ang \u0111\u01a1n th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed9c m\u00e3 gi\u1eefa cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u. Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thu h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ee3 khi doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thu h\u1ed3i, ph\u00e1t m\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 gian nan v\u00ec quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt nhi\u00eau kh\u00ea, v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u201c\u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn\u201d c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 quan, ban ng\u00e0nh li\u00ean quan. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, khi ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c, ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edd To\u00e0 \u00e1n ph\u00e1n x\u1eed th\u00ec kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ed5i, m\u1ed7i v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n m\u1ea5t v\u00e0i ba n\u0103m. Ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7u kh\u1edfi ki\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng, trong kho\u1ea3ng 20 n\u0103m qua \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ebfn 7 \u2013 8 l\u1ea7n v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u quy \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

2.2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p b\u1ecb tuy\u00ean v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u tr\u00e0n lan:<\/p>\n

B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 7, t\u1eeb 2017 l\u00e0 9), nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i t\u00f9 m\u00f9, m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn, xung \u0111\u1ed9t, n\u00ean cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb tuy\u00ean v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i v\u1ea1. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 khi Lu\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111ai n\u0103m 2003 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh b\u1eb1ng quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00ec B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2005 kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p, \u0111\u1ebfn khi Lu\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111ai n\u0103m 2013 b\u1ecf quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh b\u1eb1ng quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t, th\u00ec B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015 l\u1ea1i cho ph\u00e9p.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea5t c\u1ea5p cho h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh th\u00ec nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn t\u1edbi 90% v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n sang h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ai l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh. Nh\u00e0 \u1edf v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn tr\u00ean \u201cS\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ecf\u201d. Lu\u1eadt th\u00ec quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n, th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p, b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh,\u2026 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn, m\u00f9 m\u1edd, v\u00f4 l\u00fd. V\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t l\u00fd do tr\u1eddi \u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t h\u1ee1i kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c T\u00f2a \u00e1n tuy\u00ean r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u, l\u00e0m cho ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng b\u1ed7ng d\u01b0ng m\u1ea5t tr\u1eafng c\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n g\u1ed1c l\u1eabn l\u00e3i.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb nguy c\u01a1 v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng thang, kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m m\u1ea1nh tay x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

2.3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Chi ph\u00ed x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u b\u1ecb tr\u00f3i nh\u01b0 kinh doanh:<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 thu h\u1ed3i n\u1ee3, c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u l\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3, b\u00f9 tr\u1eeb ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3, gi\u1ea3m xo\u00e1 n\u1ee3, b\u00e1n n\u1ee3, b\u00e1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m,\u2026 Hai bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u00e1n n\u1ee3 v\u00e0 b\u00e1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u. Nh\u01b0ng khi b\u00e1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p th\u00ec v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed9p nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00ed nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh. Ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng b\u00e1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec5n thu\u1ebf gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng. C\u00f2n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt kh\u00e1c n\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3i b\u00e1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3, th\u00ec d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 g\u1ed1c, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i v\u1eabn c\u1ee9 ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ee7 thu\u1ebf thu nh\u1eadp c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, thu\u1ebf gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng 10% v\u00e0 l\u1ec7 ph\u00ed tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea1. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 thu h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ch\u1ee5c ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed9p thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u1ec7 ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng thu n\u1ee3 th\u00f4ng qua thi h\u00e0nh \u00e1n lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed thi h\u00e0nh \u00e1n kho\u1ea3ng 3% s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ef1c nh\u1eadn. R\u1ed3i m\u1ee9c chi hoa h\u1ed3ng m\u00f4i gi\u1edbi b\u00e1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p, c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 1% gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb ti\u1ec1n b\u00e1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n qua m\u00f4i gi\u1edbi theo Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 s\u1ed1 05\/2013\/TT-BTC ng\u00e0y 09-10-2013 \u201cH\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng, chi nh\u00e1nh ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i\u201d.<\/p>\n

C\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n chi ph\u00ed ngo\u00e0i l\u1ec1, b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n, ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c, nhi\u1ec1u khi, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u00ec \u0111\u1ee7, nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t \u0111i v\u00e0i ch\u1ee5c ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m s\u1ed1 n\u1ee3.<\/p>\n

2.4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B\u1ea5t c\u1eadp quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 mua b\u00e1n n\u1ee3:<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 n\u1ee3 l\u00e0 b\u00e1n n\u1ee3 (b\u00e1n quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f2i n\u1ee3) cho c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, doanh nghi\u1ec7p, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 doanh nghi\u1ec7p chuy\u00ean kinh doanh d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 mua b\u00e1n n\u1ee3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y do ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, n\u00ean c\u00e1c Ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd kinh doanh h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00f4ng ty mua b\u00e1n n\u1ee3.<\/p>\n

Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 69\/2016\/N\u0110-CP ng\u00e0y 01-7-2016 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 \u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kinh doanh mua b\u00e1n n\u1ee3\u201d th\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7t ra \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 cao, nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c v\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh 5 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p kinh doanh d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 m\u00f4i gi\u1edbi mua b\u00e1n n\u1ee3, t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n mua b\u00e1n n\u1ee3; 100 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p kinh doanh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng mua b\u00e1n n\u1ee3 v\u00e0 500 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p kinh doanh d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 s\u00e0n giao d\u1ecbch n\u1ee3.<\/p>\n

Doanh nghi\u1ec7p trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i mua n\u1ee3, khi thay th\u1ebf ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00ec v\u01b0\u1edbng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111ai n\u0103m 2013 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00e3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng mua b\u00e1n n\u1ee3.<\/p>\n

2.5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 h\u00f3a tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng:<\/p>\n

N\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u ch\u1eadm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00f2n do m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nguy c\u01a1 kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 ho\u00e1 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Kinh doanh lu\u00f4n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi r\u1ee7i ro. Kinh doanh ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u r\u1ee7i ro. Nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee9 r\u1ee7i ro m\u1ea5t ti\u1ec1n ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi nguy c\u01a1 c\u00f3 t\u1ed9i. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng, v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m trang v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd,\u2026 th\u00ec kh\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi sai s\u00f3t \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u, trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd, s\u1ed5 s\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t thi\u1ebfu tin c\u1eady. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 cho d\u00f9 \u0111\u00fang t\u1edbi 99%, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n 1% sai s\u00f3t l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m. V\u1eady th\u00ec c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c n\u00e0o nh\u01b0 c\u00e1 n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean th\u1edbt, nh\u01b0 t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb?<\/p>\n

Khi cho vay tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y th\u00ec gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n cao, nay b\u00e1n th\u00ec gi\u00e1 qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p. B\u00e1n h\u1ebft t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng thu \u0111\u1ee7 n\u1ee3, th\u00ec c\u1ea3 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec1u lo s\u1ee3 b\u1ecb quy k\u1ebft t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m l\u00e0m th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t ti\u1ec1n vay, b\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn l\u00fd do g\u00ec. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1ea5n n\u00e1 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i, hy v\u1ecdng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, kinh doanh \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3, ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i gi\u00e1 l\u00ean, mong tr\u00edch \u0111\u1ee7 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch mi\u1ec5n tr\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n\u2026.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/a>H\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 h\u00f3a tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1, kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m b\u1ecf c\u00e1i l\u1ee3i nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e1i l\u1ee3i l\u1edbn, thu \u00edt nh\u01b0ng thu s\u1edbm, trong x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u. Ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 n\u00f3 c\u00f2n gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch cho vay c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho vay nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7u c\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ed3.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c, tham nh\u0169ng, th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu t\u1ed9i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng l\u00e0 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng, l\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb quy k\u1ebft l\u00e0 t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m vi ph\u1ea1m quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 cho vay ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m c\u1ed1 \u00fd l\u00e0m tr\u00e1i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 ho\u00e1 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong kinh doanh. Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng r\u1ea5t s\u1ee3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1ee9t \u0111i\u1ec3m, v\u00ec s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1edbi nguy c\u01a1 th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t v\u1ed1n vay.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu c\u1ee9 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f2n nan gi\u1ea3i trong x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n nguy c\u01a1 t\u00e1i di\u1ec5n n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. X\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00ec n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, th\u1eddi gian th\u00ec c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch, ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt th\u00ec v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc v\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n nay, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1i \u00edt x\u1ea5u nh\u1ea5t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i x\u1ea5u, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u0111\u00fang nh\u1ea5t, t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u:<\/p>\n

3.1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u1eed l\u00fd:<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00e2u nay \u0111ang nghi\u00eang v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 con n\u1ee3 (kh\u00e1ch n\u1ee3), ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y ra n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u, vi ph\u1ea1m cam k\u1ebft, ch\u00e2y \u1ef3 tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1n, trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ee7 n\u1ee3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho vay, ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0o ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n

Khi n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, th\u00ec \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o v\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0o, vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. 15 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1eadt s\u1ed1 149\/2001\/Q\u0110-TTg ng\u00e0y 05-10-2001 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ec1 \u00e1n x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 t\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m n\u1ee3 vay ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1p l\u00fd (nh\u01b0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd s\u1edf h\u1eefu, ch\u01b0a c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p,\u2026) n\u00ean ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n mua b\u00e1n, chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u00ec cho ph\u00e9p ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n nhanh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, thu h\u1ed3i n\u1ee3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi \u0111\u00f3, quy m\u00f4 n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf so v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n nay v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc ph\u00e1p l\u00fd ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu n\u1eb1m \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng t\u01b0, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1edbng lu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd. Hi\u1ec7n nay, v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu n\u1eb1m trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt, n\u00ean mu\u1ed1n th\u00e1o g\u1ee1 th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i s\u1eeda lu\u1eadt, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n ban h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n

3.2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt c\u1ea7n s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i:<\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadt Thu\u1ebf gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng n\u0103m 2008 (s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103m 2013, 2014 v\u00e0 2016): C\u1ea7n s\u1eeda theo h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u00e1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3, th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec5n thu\u1ebf gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng, v\u00ec v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, c\u0169ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng b\u00e1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec5n thu\u1ebf gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadt Thi h\u00e0nh \u00e1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2008 (s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103m 2014): C\u1ea7n b\u1ecf quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi h\u00e0nh \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed9p ph\u00ed thi h\u00e0nh \u00e1n (kho\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi 3% t\u00f9y theo m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb), m\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i thi h\u00e0nh \u00e1n. C\u1ea7n b\u1ecf quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi h\u00e0nh \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf ti\u1ec1n ra thu\u00ea nh\u00e0 \u1edf trong 12 th\u00e1ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 \u1edf, v\u00ec tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadt C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng n\u0103m 2010: C\u1ea7n s\u1eeda theo h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u1edbi r\u1ed9ng quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, khai th\u00e1c, n\u1eafm gi\u1eef, s\u1edf h\u1eefu b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh vi ph\u1ea1m quy \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p kinh doanh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi s\u1eeda theo h\u01b0\u1edbng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef b\u00ed m\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng khi ph\u1ea3i x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u; kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef b\u00ed m\u1eadt m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng khai th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 giao d\u1ecbch th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p t\u1ea1i ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1edbi B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng khai giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadt B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng n\u0103m 2010: C\u1ea7n s\u1eeda theo h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef b\u00ed m\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng khi ph\u1ea3i x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ph\u1ea1m lu\u1eadt khi x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111ai n\u0103m 2013: C\u1ea7n s\u1eeda theo h\u01b0\u1edbng cho ph\u00e9p doanh nghi\u1ec7p trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0m t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p Gi\u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf, v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadt Doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u0103m 2014: C\u1ea7n s\u1eeda theo h\u01b0\u1edbng cho ph\u00e9p doanh nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i thanh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ee7 n\u1ee3 n\u1ea7n, n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 n\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd. Qua \u0111\u00f3, gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u di\u1ec5n ra nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 d\u1ee9t \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n

<\/a>Lu\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u0103m 2014: C\u1ea7n b\u1ecf ng\u00e0nh, ngh\u1ec1 kinh doanh c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u201cKinh doanh d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 mua b\u00e1n n\u1ee3\u201d, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u201cv\u00ec l\u00fd do qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, an ninh qu\u1ed1c gia, tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1, an to\u00e0n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.\u201d<\/p>\n

B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt H\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015: C\u1ea7n s\u1eeda \u0111i\u1ec3m c, kho\u1ea3n 1, \u0110i\u1ec1u 206 v\u1ec1 \u201cT\u1ed9i vi ph\u1ea1m quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng, chi nh\u00e1nh ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i\u201d, theo h\u01b0\u1edbng, b\u1ecf y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m l\u00e0 \u201cc\u1ed1 \u00fd n\u00e2ng kh\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m khi th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5p t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng\u201d. V\u00ec ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng cho vay l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec3u ki\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m th\u00eam. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra, th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t v\u1ed1n vay ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean xem l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft t\u0103ng n\u1eb7ng.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt D\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u0103m 2015: C\u1ea5n s\u1eeda theo h\u01b0\u1edbng, cho ph\u00e9p ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n thu gi\u1eef t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. \u0110\u1ebfn khi n\u00e0o (c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m n\u1eefa) T\u00f2a \u00e1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c x\u00e9t x\u1eed c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u00e1n \u0111\u00f2i n\u1ee3 v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m trong v\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n th\u00ec m\u1edbi n\u00ean ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t quy\u1ec1n thu gi\u1eef t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea5u gi\u00e1 (\u0111ang tr\u00ecnh Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i): C\u1ea7n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh theo h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u00e1, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 b\u00e1n n\u1ee3, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u00e1, qua \u0111\u00f3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0 c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u v\u0103n b\u1ea3n quy ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt kh\u00e1c g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc cho vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf m\u1ee9c chi hoa h\u1ed3ng m\u00f4i gi\u1edbi b\u00e1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p, c\u1ea7m c\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 1% gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb ti\u1ec1n b\u00e1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n qua m\u00f4i gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n

3.3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn:<\/p>\n

T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 theo \u0111\u00fang chu\u1ea9n hi\u1ec7n nay kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tin r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 1 con s\u1ed1, do \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u v\u1eabn \u0111ang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nguy c\u01a1 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. V\u00ec v\u1eady n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt hay m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd, th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i s\u1ed1 n\u0103m gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft l\u00ean tr\u00ean 1 con s\u1ed1. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u201cb\u1ea3o b\u1ed1i\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1edbm tho\u00e1t hi\u1ec3m n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u \u0111ang n\u1eb1m trong tay To\u00e0 \u00e1n, c\u01a1 quan thi h\u00e0nh \u00e1n, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 con n\u1ee3 kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu tr\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con n\u1ee3. H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 g\u00e2y tai ho\u1ea1 cho ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, g\u00e2y tai ho\u1ea1 cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 g\u00e2y tai ho\u1ea1 cho c\u1ea3 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf.<\/em><\/p>\n

B\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn do \u0111\u00e2u th\u00ec c\u0169ng th\u1eadt \u0111au x\u00f3t v\u00e0 gi\u1eadn d\u1eef v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u do m\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a. Nh\u01b0ng l\u00e2u nay, ch\u00fang ta m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n, m\u00e0 l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean truy b\u1eaft v\u00e0 tr\u1eebng tr\u1ecb th\u1ee7 ph\u1ea1m.<\/em><\/p>\n

C\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ed5 h\u1ebft l\u1ed7i cho ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng g\u00e2y ra n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u th\u00ec c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e0nh nh\u1eadn. C\u1ee9 x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 tr\u00e0n lan khi x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u th\u00ec c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu. C\u1ee9 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i s\u1eeda lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u th\u00ec c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng sao. C\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng Ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u th\u00ec c\u0169ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00e0 c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u00e0nh Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u201c\u0111\u01a1n th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed9c m\u00e3\u201d x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u th\u00ec c\u0169ng v\u1eabn xong.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eebng qu\u00ean r\u1eb1ng, n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110\u1eebng th\u1eafc m\u1eafc t\u1ea1i sao ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ch\u1eadm x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u. \u0110\u1eebng b\u0103n kho\u0103n n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. \u0110\u1eebng b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u l\u1ea1i n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u. \u0110\u1eebng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i cho vay l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p. \u0110\u1eebng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee9u gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110\u1eebng mong mu\u1ed1n ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf. V\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eebng hy v\u1ecdng doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 khi m\u00e0 n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u v\u1eabn c\u00f2n cao.<\/p>\n

—————————–<\/em><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Thanh \u0110\u1ee9c<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110C:\u00a0<\/em>C\u00f4ng ty Lu\u1eadt\u00a0<\/em>ANVI, t\u1ea7ng 4, T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 Savina, s\u1ed1 1 \u0110inh L\u1ec5, ph\u1ed1 Tr\u00e0ng Ti\u1ec1n, qu\u1eadn Ho\u00e0n Ki\u1ebfm, <\/em>HN<\/em><\/p>\n

FB: Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Thanh \u0110\u1ee9c (www.facebook.com\/LSTruongThanhDuc)<\/em><\/p>\n

E-mail: duc.tt\u00a0@anvilaw.com<\/em><\/p>\n

Web: www.anvilaw.com<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0110T: 090.345.9070<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> \u00a0 H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o \u201cX\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u –\u00a0 Nh\u1eefng n\u00fat th\u1eaft c\u1ea7n th\u00e1o g\u1ee1\u201d do NHNN v\u00e0 V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ng\u00e0y 26-10-2016 t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> \u00a0 Ch\u1eef \u0111\u1ecf, in nghi\u00eang l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung sau khi \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi b\u00e0i cho Ban t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

(ANVI) – H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o NHNN & V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i 26-10-2016\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc & gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u[1] Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m qua, n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ch\u1eadm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00ec c\u00f3 it nh\u1ea5t 3 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m sai l\u1ea7m: Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5 h\u1ebft […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":5686,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6630","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bao-chi-phong-van","category-legal-media"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n271. B\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc & gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u. - ANVI Law Firm<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/anvilaw.com\/vi\/271-binh-luan-ve-nguyen-nhan-vuong-mac-giai-phap-xu-ly-no-xau\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"[:vi]271. B\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc & gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u. 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